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J Res Health Sci. 2024;24(4): e00632.
doi: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.167
  Abstract View: 122
  PDF Download: 31

Original Article

Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with Recurrence and Death in Patients with Thyroid Cancer From 2008 to 2023 in the West of Iran

Salman Khazaei 1,2 ORCID logo, Soheil Abdollahi Yeganeh 3, Seyed Ahmad Raza Salim Bahrami 4, Shiva Borzouei 5* ORCID logo

1 Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
2 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
3 Neurosurgery Research Group, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
4 Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
5 Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Shiva Borzouei, Email: borzooeishiva@yahoo.com

Abstract

Background: Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is a global clinical concern, and its incidence has progressively increased worldwide. Early detection of TC and subsequently decreased age at the diagnosis seem to result from extensive employment of imaging modalities, biopsy techniques, and improvements in the healthcare system.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Overall, 400 patients diagnosed with TC following thyroidectomy in the Endocrinology Clinic, who were followed for fifteen years, were investigated in this study. The checklist included patients’ demographic characteristics, clinical information, and response to treatment, recurrence, and death.

Results: There were 19.25% men and 80.75% women. The mean age was 41.005±15.58 years. The risk of death and recurrence was significantly higher in men, patients>65 years, smokers, patients with a family history of TC, undifferentiated cancer, multifocality, and stages III and IV (P<0.001). Each additional year of life was associated with a 21% increase in the risk of death (P<0.001). Smoking was associated with a 4.36-fold increase in the risk of death (P=0.05). For each additional year of life, the probability of recurrence increased by 3% (P=0.009). Men were 4.73 times more likely to recur (P<0.001) than women.

Conclusion: To employ the proper therapeutic intervention and perform meticulous postoperative surveillance, it is crucial to consider the predictive influence of pertinent elements. Diagnosing TC in its early stages is essential for the healthcare system because of the increased incidence, younger age at diagnosis, and overall favorable prognosis of TC.


Please cite this article as follows: Khazaei S, Abdollahi Yeganeh S, Salim Bahrami SAR, Borzouei S. Evaluation of risk factors associated with recurrence and death in patients with thyroid cancer from 2008 to 2023 in the West of Iran. J Res Health Sci. 2024; 24(4):e00632. doi:10.34172/jrhs.2024.167
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Submitted: 01 Jan 2024
Revision: 03 Mar 2024
Accepted: 29 Apr 2024
ePublished: 01 Aug 2024
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