Nahid Darvishi ¹ , Mehran Farhadi ^2* , Jalal Poorolajal <sup>3,4,5

1</sup> Department of Psychology, School of Human Sciences, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
² Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
³ Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
⁴ Department of Psychology, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
⁵ Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

*Corresponding Author: Mehran Farhadi, , Email: mehran.farhadi@gmail.com